What is an Appalachian forest?
As the USDA Forest Service’s revision plan for the Pisgah and Nantahala National Forests continues to be discussed — the new plan will guide the management of the Pisgah and Nantahala National Forests for the next 15 years — I wonder how many people give thought to what “forest” means to them.
The Southern Appalachians are a paragon of biological diversity. According to the Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative, the Appalachians are the most significant biodiversity hotspot in the country east of the Rockies, and the Central and Southern Appalachians are unrivaled in the U.S. for aquatic diversity and comparable only to China in forest diversity.
It is a diversity that is complex, awe-inspiring and terribly threatened. These forests hold treasures and secrets from millions of years of evolution, and our actions at this point in history will determine what these forests will look and be like in the future.
I remember my introduction to the forests of the Southern Appalachians.
I grew up in the rural farmland of the northeast Louisiana Delta. Much to my mother’s chagrin, most of my childhood and adolescence was spent roaming the woods of the Beouf River swamp from a tiny shanty on Horseshoe Lake. I knew woods. I knew the second-generation oak and hickory woods of the swamp, and I knew the piney woods of northeastern Louisiana and southeastern Arkansas. It wasn’t until I got to college and began to study plant taxonomy and systematics, herpetology, mammalogy and ecology that I began to understand the concept of “forest” – all the interactions and interconnections that make a forest a community.
My reintroduction to forests and forest ecology began in June of 1986 when, through a circuitous and convoluted route of career and life choices, I found myself in Highlands, North Carolina, inextricably drawn into the cool green bosom of the surrounding, lush forests before the arrival of the hemlock wooly adelgid. My first excursion into this world of beauty and wonder was a short trek down the Glen Falls Trail in the Nantahala National Forest, just a couple of miles south of town.
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Looking back, that was my first experience with a cove hardwood forest, but at the time I just knew it was cool and green with lots of flowers, critters and waterfalls. I remember bluets, robin’s plantain, mountain laurel, my first boomer (red squirrel) and ruffed grouse, a hooded warbler, a black-throated green warbler and lots of water. There are three major cascades and several smaller ones accessible from the trail.
One of my next excursions was to Whiteside Mountain, also in the Nantahala Forest, just a few miles north of Highlands. I had heard that the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission was hacking endangered peregrine falcons on the granite outcropping and was hoping I might get lucky. I didn’t see any falcons that day, but I was still lucky.
I had walked through hemlock, birch and Fraser magnolia to reach a summit covered in bent and gnarled red oaks, twisted by prevailing winds to stand upon a mile-high slab of exposed granite that would soon become home once again to the then-endangered peregrine falcon. I was looking across Horse Cove at Lake Keowee in the Piedmont of South Carolina and it was beginning to dawn on me — the beauty, wonder and diversity of this place; these mountains. And it led to more and deeper study of this fascinating place.
A small part of this column appears in Smoky Mountain Living Magazine’s August/September 2014 issue.
(Don Hendershot is a writer and naturalist. He can be reached a This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..)
