Great Smoky Mountains National Park warns visitors that approaching elk is dangerous and illegal. With the elk rut (mating season) underway, elk are particularly aggressive.
Recently, several visitors were injured after getting too close to elk. One individual suffered an arm puncture and received a citation for violating park regulations.
Few sights rival the spectacle of a herd of elk during the fall rut. Bulls compete for dominance by clashing antlers and bellowing loud bugles across the landscape. Elevated testosterone levels during the rut can make bulls more defensive or aggressive toward perceived threats — including people, vehicles, and pets. Meanwhile, cows remain protective of their calves, adding to overall herd stress.